Understanding Biogas Adoption for Sustainable Energy Transition among Farm Households in Northern Ethiopia

Biogas technology, introduced in Ethiopia in 1979, has been promoted through various initiatives, yet adoption and success rates remain low, including in the study area. To address this issue, a study was conducted in Ethiopia’s Ofla Woreda to examine rural households’ perceptions and identify the factors influencing their decision to adopt biogas technology. To assess adoption decisions, both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. The findings demonstrated that the farmers thought biogas technology was an inspiring means of reducing energy use. They believe that, it enhances sanitation and health. The regression analysis shows that, the probability of adopting biogas was found to be marital status, technical availability, family size, patience, cattle holding, and water sufficiency were found to be statistically significant and positively correlated with the probability of adoption decision. On the other hand respondents' age, distance from the market, risk aversion, loss aversion, and electricity connection were significant and negatively correlated with adoption of the technology. Based on the finding, the policy implications were as follows: Capacity-building programs should be designed to equip biogas users with practical skills in the operation, maintenance, and minor repair of biogas plants. Strengthening user self-reliance through training and technical manuals reduces dependency on external assistance, enhances system sustainability, and prolongs the lifespan of the technology. Furthermore, Strengthening women’s leadership capacities and decision-making power within local institutions can accelerate technology diffusion, foster inclusive energy transitions, and ensure equitable access to sustainable energy solutions.