Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and it’s Correlation with HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Vitamin D deficiency is known as an important factor involved in pathogenesis and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus to complications of diabetes. The study is aimed to assess level and severity of vitamin D deficiency and its association with clinico -demographic and glucose and lipid profile parameters among diabetic and diabetic nephropathy patients. The study was conducted with 252 study subjects divided in three groups: Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, those with Diabetic Nephropathy and Healthy controls. Sociodemographic factors, clinical profile, serum 25 – hydroxy vitamin D, glucose and lipid profile were assessed across the three groups. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 67.9% of controls, 81% of patients with diabetes mellitus and 88.1% of patients with diabetic nephropathy (p = 0.004). Vitamin D levels showed significant negative association with HbA1c and positively with HDL levels. No significant statistical associations were found for vitamin D with gender or geographical area. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with poor glycemic control with HbA1c more than 8% and 87.7% had vitamin D levels < 20ng/ml ( p  = 0.042). More than two third of the diabetics and nephropathy patients had vitamin D deficiency and it was associated with poor glycemic control and altered lipid parameters. Screening and supplementation of Vitamin D may have beneficial role in the management of diabetes mellitus and also prevention of complications.