Design and Simulation of Advanced Patch Antenna and Analysis using High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS)

In this paper, an advanced patch antenna was designed and developed for wideband application. It has a resonance frequency of 4.8GHz and has been designed using a FR4_epoxy substrate with a dielectric constant (εr) of 4.4 and height of 1.6mm. C band frequencies were analyzed from 4GHz to 8GHz which are commonly used in satellite television and communication satellites, hence the width and length of the patch are 19.02 mm and 14.37mm respectively with input impedance of 243Ω. The proposed antenna is useful in a number of applications notably satellite television broadcasting due to its effective resistance to signal degradation caused by rain. In the proposed antenna, the theoretical calculation set 4.8GHz as the resonant frequency, and meticulous calculations were done to ascertain patch physical parameters of the patch, simulation results prove that the designed antenna encapsulates C band frequency as the simulation results show resonant frequency at 4.5GHz hence a 10% discrepancy between simulated and calculated results. The return loss achieved after several fine-tuning was at -0.61dB.