Characterization of spatial and temporal variations of CO2 concentration on tropical island and analysis of influencing factors

The spatial and temporal variations and distribution characteristics of CO ₂ concentration on Hainan Island are analyzed using GOSAT L3 data from 2011 to 2024, and the impacts of various driving factors on CO ₂ concentration on Hainan Island are discussed. The results show that from 2011 to 2024, the CO ₂ concentration in Hainan Island shows an increasing trend, with a faster growth rate in the early period and a slower growth rate in rencent years with the implementation of the dual-carbon strategy. The spatial distribution of the distribution is affected by human activities, topography, vegetation and solar radiation, and the overall performance is high in the north and low in the south. Human activities are the most important carbon source on Hainan Island, vegetation is the most important carbon sink, and elements such as surface temperature, precipitation, and total solar radiation also play a certain inhibitory role. It is expected that the CO ₂ concentration in Hainan Island will continue to increase at a slower rate and may have a decreasing trend in the future.