Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of a Novel Polyazomethine Derived from p-Phenylenediamine and Terephthaldicarboxaldehyde

In this study, we successfully synthesized a polyazomethine (PAM) through a simple condensation reaction involving p-phenylenediamine and terephthaldicarboxaldehyde. Various reaction parameters, including the quantity of Maghnite-H + catalyst, reaction time, and temperature, were systematically investigated to optimize copolymer yield. The resulting copolymer exhibited notable structural and optical characteristics, confirmed through diverse characterization techniques. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed distinct peaks corresponding to the C = N and C = C bonds, confirming the success of the polymerization process. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis unveiled a highly crystalline structure, indicating excellent molecular order and improved charge transport capabilities. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images displayed a uniform and smooth surface morphology, crucial for efficient device performance. Additionally, the PAM demonstrated exceptional solubility in various organic solvents, a crucial attribute for processing and fabricating optoelectronic devices. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of PAM was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. The results indicated no inhibitory effects of monomers and solvents (DMSO, Chloroform) on all three strains. S. aureus and B. cereus exhibited resistance to monomers; however, polymers diluted in DMSO showed intermediate sensitivity. In contrast, polymers diluted in chloroform demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition diameters exceeding 13 mm.