Decipher the Variations in Cephalometric Parameters in Arab Orthodontic Patients with Skeletal Class I and II

Objectives : Previous literature has already discussed the effect of age and gender on diagnosing and treating malocclusion problems. However, this effect varied between different ethnic groups. It’s crucial to understand such variations in other populations. The main aim of this study is to expose novel knowledge concerning skeletal classes I and II among a cohort of Arab patients who are citizens of Israel. We used parameters obtained from lateral cephalograms to understand the variation among different gender and age subgroups. Moreover, we examined the correlation and performed principal component analysis (PCA). Methods : This study was based on the coded records of 394 Arab patients who were diagnosed with skeletal class I occlusion (SCIO) or skeletal class II malocclusion (SCIIMO), according to the individualized ANB (Calculated_ANB) of Panagiotidis and Witt. Results : Among SCIO patients, males had a significantly more horizontal growth pattern (PFH/AFH) and anterior mandible rotation (ML-NSL) than females. Regarding SCIIMO patients, female adults had more hyperdivergent jaw bases than adolescents (ML-NL) and a more posteriorly rotated mandible (ML-NSL). The Spearman analysis revealed many significant correlations, like Calculated_ANB, ANB angle, and Wits appraisal. The PCA results showed a remarkable ability to explain 90% of the sample variance by four principal components. Conclusion: This study revealed the significant relationship between many cephalometric parameters within different subgroups, clarifying the need to consider several variables during interpretation. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of ML-NSL, SN-Pg, PFH/AFH ratio, and NL-ML in explaining patient variance.