Inequalities in healthcare utilization between refugees and non-refugees in Palestine

Background Research on disparities in healthcare utilization between refugees and non-refugees in Palestine is limited. Socioeconomic challenges, health-related behaviors, and political obstacles are significant factors contributing to these disparities, impacting the well-being of vulnerable populations. This study explores the factors of healthcare utilization differences between Palestinian refugees and non-refugees in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Methods We used the Fairlie decomposition approach, moderation analysis, and binary logistic regression to examine healthcare utilization variations using data from the 2021 Socio-Economic & Food Security Survey. These statistical techniques were used to evaluate how socioeconomic factors, health-related behaviors, and political obstacles affected the utilization of healthcare. Results The results indicate that compared to non-refugees, refugees depend more on aid. Even though non-refugees spend more on healthcare, logistic regression shows that, after controlling for economic and demographic variables, being a non-refugee associates negatively with healthcare utilization. The Fairlie decomposition analysis highlights that the Israeli occupation's restrictions play a significant role in healthcare utilization discrepancies . Conclusions In order to reduce healthcare disparities in Palestine, the study emphasizes the importance of particular policies. To reduce these discrepancies, more assistance for non-refugee populations should be accompanied by regular assistance for refugees from agencies such as UNRWA.