Evaluating the health assessments of migrant children in Europe: exploring the experience of service providers

Purpose : In 2023, the number of people seeking asylum globally reached a record high, with 38% aged under 18. Over the past three decades, Europe has experienced the largest increase in international migration. However, research focused on health of migrant children remains limited. While European guidelines for their care exist, evidence regarding implementation of these recommendations is limited. This study explores practices and experiences of healthcare professionals in Europe who conduct initial health assessments (IHAs) for children and young people seeking asylum and refugees (CYPSAR). Methods : A qualitative study was conducted (between July and August 2022), using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to explore perspectives of healthcare providers who care for migrant children in Europe. Participants were recruited through snowball sampling from European expert networks, with 16 clinicians from eight European countries taking part. Data were analysed thematically using NVivo12. Results: We found considerable variation in content and delivery of IHAs, particularly with regard to screening for communicable and non-communicable diseases. Although immunisation was prioritised, some services lacked vaccination capabilities. Mental health services were limited, with minimal standardised screening. Key barriers to care included insufficient documentation, limited funding, staffing, patient mobility, and inadequate infrastructure to support migrant health. Conclusion: Care delivery for migrant children across Europe remains variable despite existing guidelines.. Significant barriers to delivery of equitable, quality care exist. There is a need for resources tailored to address challenges in migrant health. Further research is needed to inform evidence-based practice and achieve high quality equitable care for migrant children in Europe.