Mathematics of Black Holes in Newtonian Physics
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Abstract
In 2014, NASA measured that the universe has a Euclidean shape. This discovery suggests that the curvature of space is merely a mathematical description of some more basic physical property of space. By extending the principle of equality of mass and energy to the space occupied by dark energy, a model of gravity was developed, where the gravitational force is due to the variable energy density of dark energy. The more curved the space, the lower the energy density of dark energy. A black hole, like any other stellar object, reduces the energy density of dark energy at its center in proportion to its mass and energy. In the centre of a black hole, the gravitational force is zero, as it is in all stellar objects. There are no wormholes in space, and there is no gravitational singularity at the center of a black hole. Gravity inside black holes follows Newton's physics.
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This Zenodo record is a permanently preserved version of a PREreview. You can view the complete PREreview at https://prereview.org/reviews/17778883.
In his illuminating paper "Mathematics of black holes in Newtonian physics", Amrit Sorli challenges the weaknesses of general relativity regarding gravitational singularities, curvature of space and geometrization of gravity, by developing a model of gravity where the gravitational force is carried by a variable energy density of dark energy intended as a fundamental background that rules the processes of nature. By extending the mass-energy principle equivalence to dark energy, Sorli replaces the curvature of space of general relativity with the concept of a variable energy density of dark energy, finding that black holes are simply stars with extremely high mass, where Newtonian shell …
This Zenodo record is a permanently preserved version of a PREreview. You can view the complete PREreview at https://prereview.org/reviews/17778883.
In his illuminating paper "Mathematics of black holes in Newtonian physics", Amrit Sorli challenges the weaknesses of general relativity regarding gravitational singularities, curvature of space and geometrization of gravity, by developing a model of gravity where the gravitational force is carried by a variable energy density of dark energy intended as a fundamental background that rules the processes of nature. By extending the mass-energy principle equivalence to dark energy, Sorli replaces the curvature of space of general relativity with the concept of a variable energy density of dark energy, finding that black holes are simply stars with extremely high mass, where Newtonian shell theorem works well, allowing to avoid singularities, in the sense that at the centre of a black hole the first law of thermodynamics is maintained. Sorli's model leads to the fundamental prediction that, in the centre of a black hole, the energy density of dark energy changes the electromagnetic properties of the local space, making atoms unstable and, as a consequence, determining cyclic processes of conversion old matter-dark energy-new matter. The compelling concept of black holes as rejuvenating systems of the universe is therefore introduced, which can open new scenarios into contemporary cosmology, which are worth to be explored.
Despite some aspects of the model suggested in this paper are speculative and need to be further developed from the mathematical point of view, in my opinion Sorli's paper deserves attention paper and can provide a meaningful contribution to the literature on the subject.
Davide Fiscaletti
Competing interests
The author declares that they have no competing interests.
Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
The author declares that they did not use generative AI to come up with new ideas for their review.
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