scRNA+TCR-seq Reveals the Proportion and Characteristics of Dual TCR Treg Cells in Mouse Lymphoid and Non-lymphoid Tissues

As an essential molecule for Treg cell function, TCR plays a critical role in various immune responses including cell development, immune tolerance, and self-antigen recognition. Current research has identified Treg cells in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues as important for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune reactions. However, the TCR pairing types and CDR3 characteristics of these Treg cells are largely unknown. Through innovative analysis of scRNA+TCR-seq data, we discovered that 10.1% to 21.4% of dual TCR Treg cells exist in mouse lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. Dual TCR Treg cells in different tissues exhibit differential phenotypic and TCR repertoire characteristics. These findings provide key insights into the complex biological functions of Treg cell V(D)J recombination, tolerance selection, development, and migration.