Primary subacute talus osteomyelitis caused by Pasteurella canis: literature review and case report

  1. Sohaib Shah
  2. Douglas Donnachie
  3. Noman Niazi
  4. Russell Conyers
  5. Jo Dartnell
  6. Marcos Katchburian
  7. Oluwarantimi Ayodele

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Abstract

In this review, we would like to demonstrate the case of a 6-year-old girl who presented with progressive ankle pain and eventual inability to weight bear. She was shown to have primary acute osteomyelitis of the talus caused by Pasteurella canis , a commensal organism usually found in the oropharynx of dogs, despite the absence of any history of a dog bite or other zoonotic risk factors. We characterise the symptoms, signs, radiographic appearances and result of both the medical and surgical management, including a review of the literature. This review aims to increase awareness of this rare pathology and help guide other clinicians in accurately diagnosing and managing the condition.

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  1. Version published to 10.1099/acmi.0.000707.v3 on Access Microbiology
  3. Version published to 10.1099/acmi.0.000707.v2 on Access Microbiology
  5. Access Microbiology

    Comments to Author

    Thanks - really interesting case. Only two comments for this: 1. Description of the case(s) Very good Comment 1: * Please consider including a table with the antimicrobial susceptibility testing results. Comment 2: * Please have a look at the references - see below part of introduction. No reference for human- to human transmission and the reference for vertical transmission is wrong - it's down as (9) but should be (8). "53 However, there have been rare reports of patients developing P. canis infection without any scratches or puncture wounds. (1),(8) 54 Human-to-human transmission has been recorded, 55 including transmission via contaminated blood products and via close contact with colonised 56 individuals. Vertical transmission can occur via genital tract colonisation, transplacental infection or endometritis. (9) " Otherwise excellent paper, clearly presented.

    Please rate the quality of the presentation and structure of the manuscript

    Very good

    To what extent are the conclusions supported by the data?

    Strongly support

    Do you have any concerns of possible image manipulation, plagiarism or any other unethical practices?

    No

    Is there a potential financial or other conflict of interest between yourself and the author(s)?

    No

    If this manuscript involves human and/or animal work, have the subjects been treated in an ethical manner and the authors complied with the appropriate guidelines?

    Yes

  6. Access Microbiology

    Comments to Author

    Manuscript Id: ACMI-D-23-00130 Title: Primary Subacute Osteomyelitis of the Talus in a Child by an Unusual Organism: A Case Report and Literature Review First of all, this study is an informative study on osteomyelitis but it needs to fill grammatically pitfalls in the whole manuscript carefully and further add 5-6 latest references in the present study, which are correlated with the present data. Comments 1: The title of manuscript does not provide accurate information and it will be modified as: "Talus osteomyelitis: A case report in six year old girl" Or "Primary acute talus osteomyelitis caused by Pasteurella canis: A case report" Or "A six year old girl case report on osteomyelitis" Author response: Comments 2: Lines 34-35: Introduction part: before starting the osteomyelitis paragraph, firstly introduced about osteomyelitis as: Osteomyelitis is also known as bone infection but usually it is caused by infection especially in the legs, arm or spine, etc. It is a serious infection of the bone that can be either acute or chronic that spreads through the bloodstream, fractures, or surgery. Previously, Khan et al. (2021) suggested that osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) belongs to the extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) category that may lead to osteomyelitis due to considerable delay in diagnosis. Thus retrograde lymphatic and contiguous dissemination are lesser modes of transmission and OATB normally begins as osteomyelitis in the growth plates of bones and is transmitted into the joint spaces (Khan et al., 2022). Spinal TB affects mainly dorsal and lumbar vertebrae, which if not diagnosed/treated correctly can develop into kyphosis and/or permanent neurological damage (Khan et al., 2022). Some previous studies also discuss in your manuscripts, which are more related to osteomyelitis as: "Diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis by immuno‐PCR assay based on mycobacterial antigen 85 complex detection" (2022). Letter in Applied Microbiology, 74 (1): 1726. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13567 "Diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis: multi-targeted loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay versus multiplex PCR" (2021). Future Microbiology, 16 (13): 935-948. https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2021-0030 "Mycobacterium kansasii osteomyelitis-a masquerading disease (2018). JMM Case Reports, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005114 "Multifocal osteomyelitis caused by Candida dubliniensis (2009). Journal of Medical Microbiology, 58(3): 386-390. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.003970-0 "Mycobacterium arosiense sp. nov., a slowly growing, scotochromogenic species causing osteomyelitis in an immunocompromised child (2008). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 58(10):2398-2402. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.65503-0 Author response: Comments 3: Lines 190-193: discussion paragraph: This similarity of vascular anatomy may predispose them to developing osteomyelitis via hematogenous spread (Add reference). How is your study correlated to other studies like tuberculosis infectious diseases?, which are spread via hematogenous processes that can further develop osteomyelitis (Add latest reference as mentioned above). Just as the metaphysis is commonly involved in hematogenous osteomyelitis, so are these metaphyseal-equivalent locations in flat and irregular bones affected (Add references mentioned above for the accuracy of literature for the reader). Author response: Comments 4: Lines 167-170: discussion paragraph: For the easy reading of the manuscript you can change 100000 into 0.1 million. You can modify as: The reported incidence of osteomyelitis varies from 1-13% per 0.1 million in developed nations, while this percentages increased upto 200% per 0.1 million in developing nations. Author response: Comments 5: Lines 210-211: discussion paragraph: For reasons previously discussed (mentioned study name or add reference), laboratory investigations may not always be of use. Some previous studies are included in your study but you cannot cite their references. Now add the previous study references in the present study. In addition, some latest and old references (mentioned above) are also included in your manuscript for accuracy of your data on osteomyelitis. Author response: Comments 6: How are your results of study different from other studies on osteomyelitis, which are already published in various journals? Author response: Comments 7: What is the limitation of your present study? Author response: Comments 8: Lines 88-89: Case Presentation paragraph: She was reviewed by the on-call Orthopaedic consultant and the consultant Paediatrician and a provisional diagnosis of mesenteric adenitis was made. This study on human being, which is under done after the approval by expertise committee of the department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS/institutes and this is an ethics issue for publisher to publish this work without mention the approval letter number as well as consent letter of the patient. So, you need to mention ethical approval letter no. with consent of the patient. For the accuracy of your research article i.e. case report on a 6 year old girl it needs to be approved before doing the study. Author response:

    Please rate the quality of the presentation and structure of the manuscript

    Good

    To what extent are the conclusions supported by the data?

    Partially support

    Do you have any concerns of possible image manipulation, plagiarism or any other unethical practices?

    No

    Is there a potential financial or other conflict of interest between yourself and the author(s)?

    No

    If this manuscript involves human and/or animal work, have the subjects been treated in an ethical manner and the authors complied with the appropriate guidelines?

    Yes

  7. Version published to 10.1099/acmi.0.000707.v1 on Access Microbiology