Neuroscience

Organelle calcium-derived voltage oscillations in pacemaker neurons drive the motor program for food-seeking behavior in Aplysia

1. Alexis Bédécarrats
2. Laura Puygrenier
3. John Castro O'Byrne
4. Quentin Lade
5. John Simmers
6. Romuald Nargeot

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  In this report the authors demonstrate convincingly that rhythmic activity in neurons that are part of the feeding CPG in Aplysia is generated via an unusual mechanism, organelle-derived intracellular calcium fluxes. The neurons that are studied (B63 neurons) play an important role in triggering cycles of motor activity and previous work from this group has demonstrated that activity in these neurons can be modified by operant conditioning. The paper was very well received by the reviewers who were impressed by the novelty of the mechanism uncovered as a driver of a fictive motor program and thus likely behavior.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

The human cerebellum is essential for modulating perceptual sensitivity based on temporal expectations

1. Assaf Breska
2. Richard B Ivry

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study provides evidence that individuals with cerebellar degeneration show reduced effects of temporal expectation on perceptual discriminability with interval timing cues, but intact effects with rhythmic cues. The authors compare individuals with cerebellar degeneration to controls, and find a selective impairment of the individuals with cerebellar degeneration to use interval-based temporal predictions to facilitate visual discrimination, whereas rhythm-based performance benefits are spared. This study is of interest to psychologists and neuroscientists investigating prediction, perception, attention, and motor control, as it demonstrates a key role for the cerebellum in mediating the effects of interval-based temporal expectation on perception.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Paradoxical neuronal hyperexcitability in a mouse model of mitochondrial pyruvate import deficiency

1. Andres De La Rossa
2. Marine H Laporte
3. Simone Astori
4. Thomas Marissal
5. Sylvie Montessuit
6. Preethi Sheshadri
7. Eva Ramos-Fernández
8. Pablo Mendez
9. Abbas Khani
10. Charles Quairiaux
11. Eric B Taylor
12. Jared Rutter
13. José Manuel Nunes
14. Alan Carleton
15. Michael R Duchen
16. Carmen Sandi
17. Jean-Claude Martinou

Reviewed by Review Commons

Increasing stimulus similarity drives nonmonotonic representational change in hippocampus

1. Jeffrey Wammes
2. Kenneth A Norman
3. Nicholas Turk-Browne

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper reports a timely, computationally-inspired fMRI analysis of how hippocampus-dependent memory handles overlap in the timing and visual characteristics of objects we encounter. The findings speak to discrepancies in the field over how the hippocampus responds to similarity in memories and will be of broad interest to memory researchers and computational neuroscientists. The elegant experimental approach directly tests the predictions of a theoretical framework by parametrically manipulating visual overlap between associated stimuli. The analyses are clearly reported and directly address the hypothesis. The conclusions are sound. However, these findings may not yet generalize beyond visual similarity in the context of temporal co-occurrence or statistical learning, and some concern is raised over the theoretical groundwork for hippocampal subregion predictions and how context and overlap are considered in their memory network model.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Corticohippocampal circuit dysfunction in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome

1. Joanna Mattis
2. Ala Somarowthu
3. Kevin M Goff
4. Evan Jiang
5. Jina Yom
6. Nathaniel Sotuyo
7. Laura M Mcgarry
8. Huijie Feng
9. Keisuke Kaneko
10. Ethan M Goldberg

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Dravet syndrome, a severe seizure disorder resulting from a sodium channel mutation, is widely thought to result from impaired synaptic inhibition. Here the authors present multi-level evidence that excess synaptic excitation in the dentate gyrus is a locus of pathology. These results provide new insight into pathological mechanisms in Dravet syndrome that will be of interest to a broad range of neuroscientists studying epilepsy, as well as the role of the hippocampus and synaptic alterations in neurological disease.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Pupal behavior emerges from unstructured muscle activity in response to neuromodulation in Drosophila

1. Amicia D Elliott
2. Adama Berndt
3. Matthew Houpert
4. Snehashis Roy
5. Robert L Scott
6. Carson C Chow
7. Hari Shroff
8. Benjamin H White

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper will be of interest of neuroscience and ethology, as it bridges the gap between traditional and computational ethology by performing high-resolution imaging of muscle activity as an indicator of motor neuron activity, enabling the identification and analysis of behavior with computer algorithms. It also revealed the role of hormones in shaping and modifying the nervous system and animal behavior. The authors' major claims are supported by the data collected from thoughtfully designed animal experiments and computational analysis, although a few results can be interpreted better.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1, Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Mice in a labyrinth show rapid learning, sudden insight, and efficient exploration

1. Matthew Rosenberg
2. Tony Zhang
3. Pietro Perona
4. Markus Meister

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study lays the groundwork for a new level of precision in understanding mouse navigation behaviour by studying complex decisions that approximate those made in the wild, but can nevertheless be analysed with mathematically precise tools. Several exciting observations are made about navigation strategy. The manuscript will therefore be of broad interest across behavioural neuroscience. However, in its current form, some questions remain about some of the major claims.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Dynamic dichotomy of accumbal population activity underlies cocaine sensitization

1. Ruud van Zessen
2. Yue Li
3. Lucile Marion-Poll
4. Nicolas Hulo
5. Jérôme Flakowski
6. Christian Lüscher

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study could help shed light on mechanistic connections between latent infection by EBV with an age-dependent autoimmune condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis. The authors use two models: a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis (CIA), and a murine analog of human EBV: 𝜸HV68. The use of these two models allows the investigation of how latent viral infection exacerbates the autoimmune condition via the action of a special class of B cells: Age-associated B cells.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Characterization of the neurogenic niche in the aging dentate gyrus using iterative immunofluorescence imaging

1. John Darby Cole
2. Jacobo Sarabia del Castillo
3. Gabriele Gut
4. Daniel Gonzalez-Bohorquez
5. Lucas Pelkmans
6. Sebastian Jessberger

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The objective of this study is to develop a novel immunofluorescence technique allowing for the multiplexed analysis of protein targets. This 4i method is an important technical advance will be of great interest for the scientific community.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Spontaneous neural synchrony links intrinsic spinal sensory and motor networks during unconsciousness

1. Jacob Graves McPherson
2. Maria F Bandres

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript reports a study that sought evidence of patterned inter-areal activity in the spinal cord of anesthetized rats. This could be a very significant finding, with potentially important scientific and therapeutic implications. However, the Methods lacks some necessary details, and the Results raise substantial issues that need to be resolved. Until these gaps and uncertainties are resolved, it is not possible to evaluate the results and their implications with confidence. Substantial revisions are essential.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife