Neuroscience

Calcium dependence of neurotransmitter release at a high fidelity synapse

1. Abdelmoneim Eshra
2. Hartmut Schmidt
3. Jens Eilers
4. Stefan Hallermann

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The authors examined the Ca-dependence of exocytosis at cerebellar mossy fiber boutons using eectrophysiology, Ca imaging, Ca uncaging and capacitance measurements. The study reveals the presence of a high affinity Ca sensor for exocytosis, a shallow, seemingly non-saturating relationship between Ca and release or Ca and synaptic delay, a high-affinity sensory for priming of vesicles with very low (near basal) Ca levels, a late rate of release that is independent of Ca concentration (presumably due to sensor saturation), and extremely fast peak kinetics of release. This work contributes to a comparative view of synapses. These general approaches have been used at other synapses over many years by Neher and others, and they show intriguing differences among different types of synapse that are likely functionally significant. A strength of this manuscript is the masterful implementation and explanation of the techniques. The recordings at physiological temperatures, pushing-the-envelope for speed of capacitance measurements, the very careful measurement of KDs of indicators, and the unbiased testing of diverse modern-day kinetic models for release, all combine to lend the paper reliability and give it lasting value.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

LAG3 is not expressed in human and murine neurons and does not modulate α-synucleinopathies

1. Marc Emmenegger
2. Elena De Cecco
3. Marian Hruska-Plochan
4. Timo Eninger
5. Matthias M. Schneider
6. Melanie Barth
7. Elena Tantardini
8. Pierre de Rossi
9. Mehtap Bacioglu
10. Rebekah G. Langston
11. Alice Kaganovich
12. Nora Bengoa-Vergniory
13. Andrès Gonzalez-Guerra
14. Merve Avar
15. Daniel Heinzer
16. Regina Reimann
17. Lisa M. Häsler
18. Therese W. Herling
19. Naunehal S. Matharu
20. Natalie Landeck
21. Kelvin Luk
22. Ronald Melki
23. Philipp J. Kahle
24. Simone Hornemann
25. Tuomas P. J. Knowles
26. Mark R. Cookson
27. Magdalini Polymenidou
28. Mathias Jucker
29. Adriano Aguzzi

Reviewed by Review Commons

Stimulus-specific plasticity in human visual gamma-band activity and functional connectivity

1. Benjamin J Stauch
2. Alina Peter
3. Heike Schuler
4. Pascal Fries

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This MEG pupillometry study investigated the stimulus-specific plasticity in human visual gamma-band activity. The results show that both Gamma-band MEG and pupil size responses to visual stimuli adapt across stimulus repetitions. This work will be of broad interest to readers in the fields of non-human primate and human electrophysiology. The claims are fully supported by the data but the links between behavior, pupil size and MEG signals could be investigated further.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

The entorhinal cortex modulates trace fear memory formation and neuroplasticity in the mouse lateral amygdala via cholecystokinin

1. Hemin Feng
2. Junfeng Su
3. Wei Fang
4. Xi Chen
5. Jufang He

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This study implicates excitatory projections from cholecystokinin (CCK) entorhinal cortical neurons to the lateral amygdala in trace fear conditioning in mice. Behavioral, chemogenetic, optogenetic, and electrophysiological work show that these projections are critical for the acquisition of conditioned freezing to a trace conditioned stimulus. The identification of a novel circuit and genetically defined cell type for regulating fear memory formation important. However, whether this pathway is specifically involved in trace fear conditioning is unclear from the present results and further work is needed to address analytic and interpretational concerns.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1, Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Information flows from hippocampus to auditory cortex during replay of verbal working memory items

1. Vasileios Dimakopoulos
2. Pierre Mégevand
3. Lennart H Stieglitz
4. Lukas Imbach
5. Johannes Sarnthein

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The basis for working memory is controversial in terms of any basis related to neuronal or synaptic activity in sensory cortex during maintenance and the involvement of non-sensory areas especially the frontal cortex and hippocampus. This work uses rare human intracranial recordings to examine another aspect, connectivity between areas, and demonstrates connectivity from sensory cortex to hippocampus during encoding in one frequency band and connectivity in a reverse sense during maintenance. The work has the potential to inform models of working memory.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Rapid mechanical stimulation of inner-ear hair cells by photonic pressure

1. Sanjeewa Abeytunge
2. Francesco Gianoli
3. A.J. Hudspeth
4. Andrei S. Kozlov

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The manuscript addresses the long-standing problem of engineering an in vitro stimulation method for individual inner ear sensory hair bundles that adequately provides a uniform and rapid stimulus characteristic of native inner ear stimulation. The authors address this unmet need with development and characterization of a light-based stimulus to generate rapid photonic force capable of deflecting a range of hair bundle geometries, including amphibian and mammalian vestibular and auditory hair bundles. The manuscript conveys a message that will be of use for the wide community of researchers working on mechanosensory integration and more broadly for engineers and scientists interested in using light to generate force. The study is extremely elegant, well written with beautiful illustrations. This work will be without a doubt a great addition to the field.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Transcriptomics-informed large-scale cortical model captures topography of pharmacological neuroimaging effects of LSD

1. Joshua B. Burt
2. Katrin H. Preller
3. Murat Demirtaş
4. Jie Lisa Ji
5. John H. Krystal
6. Franz X. Vollenweider
7. Alan Anticevic
8. John D. Murray

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This paper will be of interest to scientists working on computational modelling of neuroimaging data, and on the neural effects of psychedelic drugs and other pharmacological interventions. The study is well-motivated. The statistical and data analytic methodologies are rigorous and advanced. The with conclusions are well-supported by the presented data. The modelling methodology includes technical innovations that are potentially of broad utility and importance.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

A transient postnatal quiescent period precedes emergence of mature cortical dynamics

1. Soledad Domínguez
2. Liang Ma
3. Han Yu
4. Gabrielle Pouchelon
5. Christian Mayer
6. George D Spyropoulos
7. Claudia Cea
8. György Buzsáki
9. Gordon Fishell
10. Dion Khodagholy
11. Jennifer N Gelinas

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The authors use dense electrode recordings in young mice and EEG recordings in human infants to quantitatively describe the transition from immature patterns of brain activity in sleep to more mature patterns. Interestingly, they find an intervening period when overall activity declines in both species. This study is interesting because it enriches our relatively impoverished view of how mature activity patterns emerge during development. However, reviewers expressed concerns that further work was need to rule out potential artifacts of the surgical and recording techniques used in the animal experiments.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Closed-loop auditory stimulation method to modulate sleep slow waves and motor learning performance in rats

1. Carlos G Moreira
2. Christian R Baumann
3. Maurizio Scandella
4. Sergio I Nemirovsky
5. Sven Leach
6. Reto Huber
7. Daniela Noain

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript describes their phase-targeted closed-loop auditory stimulation protocol to alter slow wave oscillations in rodents. This manuscript provides a set of proof-of-concept data for a rodent model of closed-loop auditory stimulation during sleep as a method for augmenting NREM sleep thalamocortical oscillations and its behavioral effect on a motor task. The strongest contribution of this study to the field is that it provides a technical basis for future studies to be carried out which actually explore the neurobiological underpinnings of CLAS in detail. Applying this tool to rodent research in future studies may allow for bridging some of the putative mechanisms underlying memory consolidation (e.g., replay during NREM sleep) and behavioral changes observed with sleep (e.g., improved hippocampus-dependent memory). It's also nice to have a non-invasive way to manipulate sleep, particularly to translate rodent research to clinical work.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

A unified platform to manage, share, and archive morphological and functional data in insect neuroscience

1. Stanley Heinze
2. Basil el Jundi
3. Bente G Berg
4. Uwe Homberg
5. Randolf Menzel
6. Keram Pfeiffer
7. Ronja Hensgen
8. Frederick Zittrell
9. Marie Dacke
10. Eric Warrant
11. Gerit Pfuhl
12. Jürgen Rybak
13. Kevin Tedore

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript will be of interest to insect neuroscientists and broadly to the neuroanatomy community. It presents a new web resource that collects and displays neuron, brain region and species data in user-friendly ways. If taken up by the community, it has the potential to become an important data hub.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife, preLights