Neuroscience

A dynamic clamp protocol to artificially modify cell capacitance

1. Paul Pfeiffer
2. Federico José Barreda Tomás
3. Jiameng Wu
4. Jan-Hendrik Schleimer
5. Imre Vida
6. Susanne Schreiber

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The manuscript introduces a new enhancement to the dynamic clamp technique, CapClamp that, analogous to the artificial conductances of standard Dynamic Clamp, allows the experimenter to adjust the somatic time constant by setting a new membrane artificial capacitance independent of any change in input resistance. The technique is shown to have application for studying temporal integration, energetic costs of spiking and bifurcations. The technique is rigorously tested in model and physiological application and is robust when sampling frequency of the feedback (clamp) loop is fast compared to the fastest electrical event in a neuron (usually action potentials), and for vertebrate neurons it should be 20KHz or faster and yet faster for fast spiking neurons.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption alters the lung transcriptome to predispose to viral infection

1. Lewis Taylor
2. Felix Von Lendenfeld
3. Anna Ashton
4. Harshmeena Sanghani
5. Simona Di Pretoro
6. Laura Usselmann
7. Maria Veretennikova
8. Robert Dallmann
9. Jane A. McKeating
10. Sridhar Vasudevan
11. Aarti Jagannath

Reviewed by ScreenIT

Putting the theory into ‘burstlet theory’ with a biophysical model of burstlets and bursts in the respiratory preBötzinger complex

1. Ryan S Phillips
2. Jonathan E Rubin

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript is of significant interest to readers in the field of neural control of breathing and for researches interested in the generation of biological rhythms in general. The study assembles a sophisticated computational modelling approach to test long-standing theories and emerging views in neural control of breathing and more specifically on biophysical mechanisms of burstlet generation in the respiratory network (the preBötzinger complex network). This work is an important contribution to a better understanding of the respiratory rhythm generation, will help validate (or not) running hypotheses and will guide future experiments.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 and Reviewer #3 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

No evidence from complementary data sources of a direct glutamatergic projection from the mouse anterior cingulate area to the hippocampal formation

1. Lilya Andrianova
2. Steliana Yanakieva
3. Gabriella Margetts-Smith
4. Shivali Kohli
5. Erica S Brady
6. John P Aggleton
7. Michael T Craig

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  In this study, the authors attempted to further examine the existence of a potential direct projection from the anterior cingulate cortex to the hippocampus which has important functional implication but is currently supported by only one major publication in the literature. They used distinct anterograde et retrograde viral tracing strategies and analyzed the data available in the Allen atlas but found no evidence in support of the existence of this connection.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 and Reviewer #2 agreed to share their names with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Neuronal apoptosis drives remodeling states of microglia and shifts in survival pathway dependence

1. Sarah Rose Anderson
2. Jacqueline M Roberts
3. Nathaniel Ghena
4. Emmalyn A Irvin
5. Joon Schwakopf
6. Isabelle B Cooperstein
7. Alejandra Bosco
8. Monica L Vetter

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This work convincingly provides important novel mechanisms on how microglial states are shaped during retinal development, an important question that should be of interest for a broad readership.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Tadr is an axonal histidine transporter required for visual neurotransmission in Drosophila

1. Yongchao Han
2. Lei Peng
3. Tao Wang

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Han et al. report the discovery of an amino acid transporter that is required locally at axon terminals of fly photoreceptors neurons for the uptake of histidine, the precursor of the neurotransmitter histamine. This function is required for transmitter synthesis locally and neurotransmission. The work exemplifies a specialized model for local monoamine transmitter synthesis at synapses in the nervous system, the generality of which for other monoamine systems remains to be tested.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #2 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Assembly of recombinant tau into filaments identical to those of Alzheimer’s disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy

1. Sofia Lövestam
2. Fujiet Adrian Koh
3. Bart van Knippenberg
4. Abhay Kotecha
5. Alexey G Murzin
6. Michel Goedert
7. Sjors HW Scheres

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  Lövestam et al. report 76 cryo-EM structures of in vitro assembled recombinant tau filaments, including 27 previously unobserved ones. Together with the recent paper from Scheres and Goedert research groups, the structure-based knowledge of amyloid assembly will be boosted several fold. Most importantly, a few in vitro conditions were found to replicate the amyloid structures from both Alzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Those findings will open up new avenues to quickly screen compounds that inhibit filament formation under in vitro conditions, as well as the (self-)assembly process of amyloid fibrils.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1, Reviewer #3 and Reviewer #4 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Stage-specific control of oligodendrocyte survival and morphogenesis by TDP-43

1. Dongeun Heo
2. Jonathan P Ling
3. Gian C Molina-Castro
4. Abraham J Langseth
5. Ari Waisman
6. Klaus-Armin Nave
7. Wiebke Möbius
8. Phil C Wong
9. Dwight E Bergles

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  The manuscript provides strong support for the concept that oligodendrocyte alterations contribute to neurological disorders that were previous thought to be primarily cell autonomous to neurons. The work is very well done, the results presented are clear and convincing, and the discussion is reasonable and interesting. The study will have considerable impact on the assessment of various neurodegenerative disorders with TDP-43 alterations.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #3 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

Electrocorticography is superior to subthalamic local field potentials for movement decoding in Parkinson’s disease

1. Timon Merk
2. Victoria Peterson
3. Witold J Lipski
4. Benjamin Blankertz
5. Robert S Turner
6. Ningfei Li
7. Andreas Horn
8. Robert Mark Richardson
9. Wolf-Julian Neumann

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript will be of interest to the motor neuroscience, movement disorder, human electrophysiology, and brain computer interface communities. It examines the effectiveness of signals recorded from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and along sensorimotor regions of the cortex for decoding simple movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. Additionally, a relationship between symptom severity and decoding performance is identified. With the recent advent of implantable closed-loop stimulators for neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, this paper addresses current knowledge gaps that may inform both surgical and engineering considerations for optimizing these new types of therapies.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. Reviewer #1 agreed to share their name with the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife

TMEM120A/TACAN inhibits mechanically activated PIEZO2 channels

1. John Smith Del Rosario
2. Matthew Gabrielle
3. Yevgen Yudin
4. Tibor Rohacs

• Curated by eLife

  Evaluation Summary:

  This manuscript will be of interest people studying mechanosensation (particularly touch and pain sensation) and ion channels. The authors use a combination of electrophysiology and imaging to provide evidence that the force-gated ion channel Piezo2 is negatively regulation by the enzyme Tmem120A/Tacan. The results from the heterologous expression aspects of study are relatively robust and may have potential impact on the field. The physiological relevance of these findings await further investigation.

  (This preprint has been reviewed by eLife. We include the public reviews from the reviewers here; the authors also receive private feedback with suggested changes to the manuscript. The reviewers remained anonymous to the authors.)

Reviewed by eLife