Immunology

Nirmatrelvir treatment of SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected mice blunts antiviral adaptive immune responses

1. Valeria Fumagalli
2. Pietro Di Lucia
3. Micol Ravà
4. Davide Marotta
5. Elisa Bono
6. Stefano Grassi
7. Lorena Donnici
8. Rolando Cannalire
9. Irina Stefanelli
10. Anastasia Ferraro
11. Francesca Esposito
12. Elena Pariani
13. Donato Inverso
14. Camilla Montesano
15. Serena Delbue
16. Stanley Perlman
17. Enzo Tramontano
18. Raffaele De Francesco
19. Vincenzo Summa
20. Luca G Guidotti
21. Matteo Iannacone

Reviewed by Review Commons

Cellular and molecular dynamics in the lungs of neonatal and juvenile mice in response to E. coli

1. Sharon A McGrath-Morrow
2. Jarrett Venezia
3. Roland Ndeh
4. Nigel Michki
5. Javier Perez
6. Benjamin David Singer
7. Raffaello Cimbro
8. Mark Soloski
9. Alan L Scott

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study examines the inflammatory and immune response to live E. coli bacterial infection in neonatal and juvenile mice. Important information is described on the roles of Class II MHC and interferon responsive genes in regulating the host response to infection. This study will inform future efforts to further elucidate the impact of bacterial infections on lung development.

Reviewed by eLife

Germinal center B cells that acquire nuclear proteins are specifically suppressed by follicular regulatory T cells

1. Fang Ke
2. Zachary L Benet
3. Mitra P Maz
4. Jianhua Liu
5. Alexander L Dent
6. Joanne Michelle Kahlenberg
7. Irina L Grigorova

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  It is well known that Tfr cells have the capacity to preferentially suppress autoimmune antibody responses, but it is not known why such specificity exists. This important work provides new information as to how self-reactive antibody responses are regulated and has significant implications to the fields of autoimmunity and vaccine design. The overall experimental designs and the data quality are largely convincing, but the authors should include more careful controls.

Reviewed by eLife

Liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells lacking IL-7 receptor are a native killer cell subset fostered by parenchymal niches

1. Takuma Asahi
2. Shinya Abe
3. Guangwei Cui
4. Akihiro Shimba
5. Tsukasa Nabekura
6. Hitoshi Miyachi
7. Satsuki Kitano
8. Keizo Ohira
9. Johannes M Dijkstra
10. Masaki Miyazaki
11. Akira Shibuya
12. Hiroshi Ohno
13. Koichi Ikuta

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study provides important insights on the developmental process and functional heterogeneity of liver ILC1s, especially how IL-7R+ and IL-7R- ILC1s are generated. Authors present compelling evidence on the dependence of ILC1s on IL-7R- precursor and their reliance on IL-15 to develop cytotoxic functions. The work will be of broad interest to immunologists and liver biologists.

Reviewed by eLife

Single-cell analysis reveals dynamics of human B cell differentiation and identifies novel B and antibody-secreting cell intermediates

1. Niels JM Verstegen
2. Sabrina Pollastro
3. Peter-Paul A Unger
4. Casper Marsman
5. George Elias
6. Tineke Jorritsma
7. Marij Streutker
8. Kevin Bassler
9. Kristian Haendler
10. Theo Rispens
11. Joachim L Schultze
12. Anja ten Brinke
13. Marc Beyer
14. S Marieke van Ham

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  In this work, Verstegen and colleagues established an in vitro system and describe human B cell differentiation pathways via germinal center B cells towards plasma cells by performing single-cell analysis of in vitro stimulated human B cells. The study provides solid evidence toward establishment of in vitro model for B cell differentiation. This study may be valuable in differentiation of primary naive B cells into ASC ex vivo and will be of interest for immunologists with emphasis in B cell biology.

Reviewed by eLife

Homeostatic activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor by dietary ligands dampens cutaneous allergic responses by controlling Langerhans cells migration

1. Adeline Cros
2. Alba De Juan
3. Renaud Leclère
4. Julio L Sampaio
5. Mabel San Roman
6. Mathieu Maurin
7. Sandrine Heurtebise-Chrétien
8. Elodie Segura

Reviewed by Review Commons

Fever integrates antimicrobial defences, inflammation control, and tissue repair in a cold-blooded vertebrate

1. Farah Haddad
2. Amro M Soliman
3. Michael E Wong
4. Emilie H Albers
5. Shawna L Semple
6. Débora Torrealba
7. Ryan D Heimroth
8. Asif Nashiry
9. Keith B Tierney
10. Daniel R Barreda

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study addressed a long-standing question in biology - the role of fever during infections. Using innovative research strategy, the authors provide compelling evidence for the positive impact of higher body temperature on both pathogen clearance and tissue repair. This study thus provides important advances in our understanding of host defense and its connection with physiology and behavior.

Reviewed by eLife

Proliferative exhausted CD8+ T cells exacerbate long-lasting anti-tumor effects in human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

1. Danni Cheng
2. Ke Qiu
3. Yufang Rao
4. Minzi Mao
5. Li Li
6. Yan Wang
7. Yao Song
8. Junren Chen
9. Xiaowei Yi
10. Xiuli Shao
11. Shao Hui Huang
12. Yi Zhang
13. Xuemei Chen
14. Sisi Wu
15. Shuaishuai Yu
16. Jun Liu
17. Haiyang Wang
18. Xingchen Peng
19. Daibo Li
20. Lin Yang
21. Li Chen
22. Zhiye Ying
23. Yongbo Zheng
24. Meijun Zheng
25. Binwu Ying
26. Xiaoxi Zeng
27. Wei Zhang
28. Wei Xu
29. Geoffrey Liu
30. Fei Chen
31. Haopeng Yu
32. Yu Zhao
33. Jianjun Ren

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study provides fundamental insight into the functional impact of CDK4 inhibition on cells in the tumor microenvironment, which is of high importance and interest to the field. The compelling conclusion that proliferative exhausted T cells are associated with response in HPV+ head and neck cancer is supported by the cohort of 14 patients with paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue and rigorous bioinformatic analysis of nearly 50,000 single CD3+ T cell transcriptomes. This work will be of interest to researchers across tumor types and in other immunological fields of study.

Reviewed by eLife

The Opto-inflammasome in zebrafish as a tool to study cell and tissue responses to speck formation and cell death

1. Eva Hasel de Carvalho
2. Shivani S Dharmadhikari
3. Kateryna Shkarina
4. Jingwei Rachel Xiong
5. Bruno Reversade
6. Petr Broz
7. Maria Leptin

Reviewed by Review Commons

Antibodies to repeat-containing antigens in Plasmodium falciparum are exposure-dependent and short-lived in children in natural malaria infections

1. Madhura Raghavan
2. Katrina L Kalantar
3. Elias Duarte
4. Noam Teyssier
5. Saki Takahashi
6. Andrew F Kung
7. Jayant V Rajan
8. John Rek
9. Kevin KA Tetteh
10. Chris Drakeley
11. Isaac Ssewanyana
12. Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer
13. Bryan Greenhouse
14. Joseph L DeRisi

• Curated by eLife

  eLife assessment

  This study describes the use of a new and valuable tool, namely phage display of Plasmodium falciparum proteome-wide peptides, for profiling of antibody targets. The study, conducted using plasma from Ugandan children and adults, represents an important aspect of naturally acquired antibodies with seroreactive responses to the intra-and inter-protein repeat regions. The results are, however, so far incomplete, and confirmatory data that antibodies to inter-protein repeat motifs do cross-react are needed.

Reviewed by eLife