Genistein and Resveratrol: Inhibitors of Kv1.3 Channels in Cancer Cells

Background: Genistein and resveratrol are bioactive compounds isolated from plants, recognized for their diverse biological activities including anti-cancer properties. Both compounds are also known as modulators of various types of ion channels, including voltage-gated potassium channels, Kv1.3. These channels are widely expressed in normal and cancer tissues. Their activity is crucial in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in cells that express Kv1.3 channels. The potential clinical application of channel inhibitors may extend to treating cancers characterized by an overexpression of these channels. Methods: This study investigates the inhibitory effects of genistein and resveratrol on Kv1.3 channels expressed in the cancer cell line Jurkat T by applying a whole-cell patch clamp. Results: Applying both compounds at concentrations ranging from 3 μM to 90 μM leads to a dose-dependent inhibition of channel activity, reducing it to approximately 50% of the control level. This inhibitory effect was reversible and associated with a significant reduction in the activation rate. When combined with simvastatin, the inhibitory effect exhibited synergy; however, it was additive when co-applied with mevastatin. Conclusions: The channel inhibition may putatively be linked to the anti-cancer activities of these compounds on Kv1.3 channel-expressing cancer cells, especially when co-applied with the statins.