《从柳林溪遗址“八索纹陶盘”看八卦起源、上古天文与《八索》文献的实证关联》

AbstractThis paper presents a systematic study of the “Eight-Cord Pattern Pottery Plate” unearthed at the Liu Linxi site in Hubei Province, arguing that it is the material prototype of the lost archaic canon Ba Suo (The Eight Cords). The plate features a rigorous “eight-cord pattern” that constructs a standard eight-direction spatial framework, serving as the archetype of the “Eight Trigrams” (Bagua). Its symbolic system accurately encodes the eight key solar terms (including the equinoxes, solstices, and the commencements of the four seasons), constituting a precise “solar calendar.” Furthermore, through unique symbolic combinations such as “five-field,” it translates astronomical nodes into imperative agricultural directives, forming an “agricultural commandment.” The research achieves a comprehensive mutual verification between the artifact and the textual descriptions of Ba Suo (defined as “the theory of the Eight Trigrams, seeking its meaning”) from three dimensions: “name,” “function,” and “meaning.” This study reveals that the “Eight-Cord Pattern Pottery Plate” is not a divination tool but a “pre-literary comprehensive code” integrating cosmology, scientific observation, and administrative decrees. It signifies a key leap in Huaxia civilization from mystical symbols to rational governance around 7000 years ago, substantially pushing forward the evidential timeline for systematic knowledge and advanced governance models in Chinese civilization.摘要：本文通过对湖北柳林溪遗址出土的“八索纹陶盘”进行系统性研究，论证其为失传上古元典《八索》的物质原型。该陶盘以严整的“八索纹”构建了标准的八方空间框架，是为“八卦盘”之祖型；其符号系统精准编码了二分二至与四立等“八节”，构成一部精密的“太阳历”；更通过“五—田”等独创符号组合，将天文节点转化为刚性的农耕指令，形成一部“农时宪章”。研究从“名、实、义”三重维度，实现了该器物与文献所载《八索》（“八卦之说，求其义也”）的完整互证。本研究揭示，“八索纹陶盘”并非占卜之器，而是一部融合宇宙观、科学观测与政令的“前文字综合性法典”，标志着华夏文明在距今约7000年前，已实现了从神秘符号到理性治理的关键飞跃，将中华文明系统化知识与高级治理模式的实证年代显著提前。