Exploring Theory with Agent-based Modeling and Simulation

Agent-based modeling and computer simulation is a research practice used to explore and explain the emergence of macroscopic phenomena of human societies. We are looking at five examples through a common lens. The examples are: the phenomena of ethnic segregation; the fate of street protests; the relations of redistribution, growth, and inequality; fragmentation and polarization of attitudes, and the evolution of filter bubbles. A special focus is put on the description of the generative mechanisms using simple models that can be used online and the distinction of mechanisms of type I (which govern the behavior of individuals and institutions) and type II (which govern the emergence of new systemic properties). Finally, five extensions of the simple models are discussed, which demonstrate different research directions that can be taken in exploring and developing social theory.