Diversity, individualisation, and enhancement in motor learning: Current challenges and future directions from the first Theoretical and Applied Advances in Motor Learning Conference

The field of motor learning faces a critical gap between foundational theory and real-world application. This editorial synthesizes expert discussions from the First Theoretical and Applied Advances in Motor Learning Conference to address key issues impeding further progress. We are hampered by the science of averages, characterized by an over-reliance on data from homogenous, Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) populations and a flawed assumption of cognitive uniformity. This approach masks critical individual differences, limiting the translational potential of our science and leading to one-size-fits-all enhancement strategies. We propose a multi-tiered roadmap for the maturation of our field. The foundational priorities are structural: embracing co-creation with diverse communities, moving beyond WEIRD science, and implementing structured mentorship and active sponsorship to empower a new generation of scholars. Building on this, we advocate for technology-driven individualisation like using advanced Mobile Brain/Body Imaging techniques for the development of neurophenotypes, to fulfill the potential of Brain-Computer Interfaces. Finally, we call for a precision enhancement framework, shifting from learning boosters to a diagnostic-to-prescriptive model that targets specific, identified bottlenecks. This roadmap allows our field to build upon its foundational principles to create a more effective, accessible, and equitable motor learning science for all.