OCD ： Compulsive behaviors are closely related to needs and norepinephrine (NA)

Results1) I uncovered that the intrinsic impetus behind all human voluntary behaviors resides in pursuing need satisfaction and averting need loss. Among these, all compulsive behaviors demonstrated by patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are motivated by the drive of "avoiding need loss".2) I discovered that when compulsive urges emerge, intervening in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) should be conducted from three dimensions: "re-evaluating to establish new judgments, adjusting expected needs, and planning motor sequences". This intervention approach proves highly effective and enhances the acceptability of exposure and response prevention (ERP) training.3) I have observed that the symptomatology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) shows a striking consistency with the neurophysiological responses in the cerebral cortex mediated by norepinephrine (NA). ConclusionsThis discovery holds significant potential to enhance cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and exposure and response prevention (ERP) protocols, thereby facilitating broader accessibility to ERP treatment，specifically offering substantial therapeutic gains for individuals with treatment-resistant severe OCD. Furthermore, this finding stands to advance scientific understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of behavior generation.