Gravity-Driven Cyclic Universe Model

The Gravity-Driven Cyclic Universe Model (the GD-CU Model) presents a self-sustaining framework in which two interdependent universes, U1 and U2, undergo an alternating cycle of expansion and contraction. Unlike conventional cyclic models that rely on external mechanisms or speculative physics to reset the universe, the GD-CU Model operates solely within the constraints of gravitational collapse, mass transfer, and dark energy dissipation, ensuring compliance with the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The model is built upon Inflationary Theory, proposing that U1 and U2 originated as separate yet interacting bubble universes within the same spacetime. Over time, U1 undergoes expansion dominated by dark energy until it dissipates, allowing gravity and dark matter to reassert control. This transition initiates mass transfer from U2 to U1, while heat naturally flows due to a thermodynamic gradient, further increasing U1’s entropy. The key requirement for the cycle to continue is that gravitational collapse in U1 must outpace entropy diffusion, ensuring that density surpasses the critical threshold before matter disperses. Once U1 undergoes collapse, the process reverses: U2 expands, mass flows back, and the cyclic interaction resumes without singularity-driven resets or Heat Death. This model provides a natural, self-regulating cosmic cycle, complementing existing cyclic universe theories while addressing open questions on entropy, mass-energy exchange, and dark energy dissipation.