Energy-Mass and the Emergent Universe: A Thermodynamic and Mathematical Framework

(1) Background: The accelerating universe’s mechanisms remain unresolved, prompting new cosmological frameworks beyond dark energy and static dark matter. (2) Methods: This paper redefines E=mc2 as E/m=d2/t2, introducing Energy-Mass, and derives its implications using Maxwell’s equations and the FLRW metric to model spacetime and expansion dynamics. (3) Results: A feedback loop drives variable, accelerating expansion as cold-mass, identified as Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs; m2≈1.78×10−25 kg), absorbs CMB energy near Gp, creating spacetime detectable as cold spots (ΔT∼−70μK, m3∼1039 kg) and hot spots (ΔT∼+170μK, m3∼1036 kg), approaching E=0 equilibrium. (4) Conclusions: This framework links Energy-Mass to quantum properties, offering a testable alternative to prevailing cosmological models.