Infinite-PI (∞-π) Learning Model: A New Paradigm for Transdisciplinary Education

Discussions arise within the T-shaped competency model regarding the choice between emphasizing depth or breadth in education. Each has its own considerations and applications at different levels of learning for students. Typically, learning begins with a broad overview and then delves into depth within applied disciplines, with the reverse approach for more theoretical subjects. In the realm of engineering design, the concept of design itself is considered a broad topic, but achieving proficiency in a specific area of knowledge is crucial for providing innovative solutions. This study focuses on exploring the design methodology known as the Double Diamond design methodology within the context of pedagogical development for training product engineers. A product engineer must be competent in various fields while maintaining an innovative mindset. This is why the PI (π)-shaped model is popular among product engineers, as it bridges two T-shaped components, representing expertise in more than two fields. However, while facilitating multi-disciplinary learning, the π-shaped model fails to address innovation. This study integrates the double-diamond methodology and the π-shaped model into the Infinite-PI (∞-π) model for training product engineers. In this approach, product engineers undergo training in various fields (π-shaped) while continuously exploring new areas and returning to fundamentals (Double Diamond design methodology) to foster innovation. Preliminary study results indicate strong agreement among participants with the ∞-π model. They express a preference for this model over both the π-shaped and T-shaped models.