Synthesis of ZIF-8@g-C 3 N 4 nanomaterial and its use for rapid removal of alizarin red and ketoprofen from water via chemical catalysis

The development of a new catalyst for highly efficient degradation of environmentally harmful pollutants is targeted. In this study, g-C ₃ N ₄ @ZIF-8 catalyst was produced to reduce both the widely used drug ketoprofen (KEP) and the harmful organic dye impurity alizarin red (ARS) from aqueous solutions. In this system using g-C ₃ N ₄ @ZIF-8 as the catalyst, the degradation of both KEP and ARS by a rapid chemical and heterogeneous catalytic reaction was attributed to the synergistic interaction of the two components in the g-C ₃ N ₄ @ZIF-8 catalyst. In this study, graphitic carbon nitride doped nanoparticles containing ZIF-8 from the MOF group containing Zn metal were synthesized by easy calcination and their characterization was completed both structurally and superficially. The synthesized g-C ₃ N ₄ @ZIF-8 nanoparticle was used as a catalyst for the catalytic degradation of ARS and KEP with NaBH ₄ . The synthesized g-C ₃ N ₄ @ZIF-8 was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectrometry (ATR-FTIR), XPS solid phase UV-DRS spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (SEM-EDX Fourier Transform Infrared and zero charge point pH). Optimum parameters were determined by investigating the effects of catalyst amount, NaBH ₄ concentration, contact time and pH on the removal mechanism. The kinetics of ARS and KEP removal in the g-C ₃ N ₄ @ZIF-8 nanocatalyst were calculated using a pseudo-first-order model and appropriate experimental data. A pseudo-first-order kinetic model was used to describe dye and drug removal, and graphs showing the change between ln[C ₀ /C _t ] and time were drawn.