SO3H supported on NiFe2O4@SiO2-AP nanoparticles as an efficient and heterogeneous reusable catalyst for synthesis of pyridine derivatives

In the current study, the NiFe ₂ O ₄ @SiO ₂ -AP-SO ₃ H heterogeneous nanocatalyst demonstrated high efficiency in catalyzing the synthesis of pyridine derivatives. This prepared nanocatalyst proved to be a robust and environmentally friendly nano-reactor for the production of pyridine derivatives. The eco-conscious heterogeneous catalyst was thoroughly characterized using various techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopies, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Key advantages of this method include the use of a green medium, straightforward separation and workup procedures, exceptional reusability of the nanocatalyst, and significantly reduced reaction time.