Orofacial Manifestations of Cysticercosis and Neurocysticercosis: Clinical Implications for Dentistry — An Integrative Review

Introduction: Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium , whose neurological form, neurocysticercosis, is a relevant cause of epilepsy in regions with poor sanitation. Although widely studied in the neurological field, its orofacial manifestations are poorly described and may mimic benign lesions such as mucoceles, fibromas, or lipomas. Objective: To investigate, through an integrative review, the oral manifestations of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis, with emphasis on differential diagnosis in Dentistry and on the repercussions of antiparasitic treatment on oral health. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted between April and May 2025 using the PubMed, BVS, and SciELO databases, employing DeCS-validated descriptors: Oral Manifestations, Taenia solium , Parasitic Infections, and Oral Lesions. Language filters were applied (Portuguese, English, and Spanish). A total of 246 articles were identified, of which 6 met the inclusion criteria after title, abstract, and full-text screening. Results: Clinical manifestations of oral cysticercosis include painless, slow-growing submucosal nodules located in different regions of the oral cavity. These lesions are frequently misdiagnosed as other common benign oral pathologies, which hinders correct diagnosis. Recognition of these characteristics is essential for clinical suspicion and referral for parasitological and imaging evaluation. Conclusion: Oral manifestations of cysticercosis are underdiagnosed and may be easily confused with other benign lesions of the oral cavity. Dental professionals should be aware of these clinical presentations to ensure early diagnosis and avoid inappropriate treatments, promoting integrated management with the medical team.