Key variables for sustainable cut rose farming in Indonesia

Currently, cut rose centers in Batu City face many problems that threaten the sustainability of their businesses. Research that combines various dimensions to identify key variables affecting the sustainability of cut-rose farming remains limited and is needed. Hence, this study aimed to map and determine the key variables influencing the sustainability of cut rose farming in Batu City, East Java, Indonesia. Primary data were collected through structured interviews with 155 cut rose farmers, selected using random sampling. The employed data analysis technique was the Matrix of Crossed Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification (MICMAC). The results showed that the map of direct influences and dependencies includes four key variables, namely pest and plant disease attack (PPDA), use of chemical pesticides (UCP), market objectives (MO), and market chain (MC). In contrast, the map of indirect influences and dependencies includes these variables except MO and provides a source of capital (SC). All of these key variables are determinants of the sustainability of cut-rose farming. Furthermore, the top-ranked variables from the Matrix of Direct Influences (MDI) group are farm profit, source of capital, and farming experience. Then, the top-ranked variables from the Matrix of Indirect Influences (MII) group are farm profit, source of capital, and market price. The top-ranked variables from the MDI and MII groups are believed to be crucial to the key variables. These findings suggest streamlining production costs, utilizing access to capital, participating in extension and training activities, and utilizing digital platforms.