Efficient Preparation of Black Phosphorus Enabled by Sn24P19.3I8/Graphite Catalyst with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity

The mineralization method boasts advantages including high product purity, controllable crystal structure and good reproducibility, making it a promising approach for the preparation of black phosphorus (BP). However, the employed Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈ catalyst suffers from pronounced sintering during the preparation process, which severely compromises its catalytic activity and cycle period. The yield (56.0%) was horribly low after two cycles of BP preparation by using Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈ . Herein, intrinsically low thermal conductivity was demonstrated to the decreased catalytic performance of Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈ catalyst. To overcome this issue, graphite was integrated with Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈ (Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈ /Gra) for improving the thermal conductivity, which effectively alleviated the issue of local heat accumulation and therefore overcame sintering of Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈ . As expected, an exceptionally high yield of 83.3% was achieved even after nine cycles of BP preparation based on the Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈ /Gra composite catalyst, highlighting the catalytic robustness. This work provided a feasible production of high-quality BP, paving the way for its broad industrial application.