Infection Prevention Compliance and Associated Factors among Nurses in Hemodialysis Units for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Patients with chronic renal disease undergoing hemodialysis are more vulnerable to infection due to the nature of their illness and the type of treatment they get. Medical practitioners in many developing countries, including Ethiopia, have low levels of adherence to infection prevention methods despite the rise in highly contagious illnesses. Effective interventions can be developed by closely assessing the elements that contribute to this problem. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out among nurses working at dialysis units for chronic kidney disease patients in Addis Ababa. A total of 251 nurses were included. A structured self-administered questionnaire, which has eight components and a checklist, were used for data collection. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to generate a composite index upon each component of compliance since they have unequal weight to infection preventation. Descriptive statistics and regresson analysis were used then. Finally, logistic regression was done and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was estimated in the final model. P-values of below 0.05 were regarded as significantly associated variables. Results: The result showed that 125 nurses 54.34% were compliant to infection prevention and control practices. The multivariable logistic regression result indicates, monthly salary10,000.00-20,000.00) [(AOR:3.23 ,95%CI (1.20-8.70)], frequency of duty [(AOR: 0.48 ,95%CI (0.25-0.93)], and work environment factor [(AOR: 6.57 ,95%CI (3.38-12.78)] were predictors of infection prevention compliance. Conclusion: Infection prevention compliance was not sufficiently practiced among dialysis unit nurses. Monthly salary, frequency of duty and work environment factors were factors associated with infection prevention compliance. Thus, intervention should focus on encouraging nurses by giving competitive benefit through salary increment, decreasing workload and creating good work environmental factors by ensuring sufficient and sustainable resources.