Tracing Colonial Legacies from the Main Streets to the Kampungs: Urban Artifacts and Hybrid Heritage in Surabaya

Surabaya, Indonesia, has developed based on the urban planning and architectural infrastructure from the Dutch colonial era. This can be traced in the heritage buildings and infill buildings (in-between contemporary structures that integrate the historical landscape) that created the urban image in the main streets of three areas: Kota Lama, Tunjungan, and Darmo. However, behind these corridors, the kampungs emerge as an informal, community-based, and resilient urban structure that was historically inhabited by locals who supported the Dutch-built infrastructure. Using Aldo Rossi's theory of the Urban Artifact, we can differentiate these three areas as unique urban units that ultimately form the city's memory. We identified three distinct Urban Artifacts based on in-site surveys of heritage buildings, infill buildings, and kampungs, and documented the cases using QGIS and photography data. The study concludes that both colonial architecture and kampungs serve as a basis for acknowledging the dual heritage and persistent colonialism that make up contemporary Surabaya.