Safety Management of Kidney Transplantation in Patients with Behçet’s Disease: A Case Report with Literature Review

Background Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent acute flares. Vascular lesions can present major challenges for transplantation. Solid organ transplantation in patients with BD requires careful assessment of peripheral vascular lesions. Case presentation: A 67-year-old man with BD underwent ABO-incompatible, donor-specific antibody-negative, living-donor preemptive kidney transplantation (KTx). Because of bilateral external iliac vein thrombosis, the patient received intensified anticoagulation with warfarin for 6 months, and an inferior vena cava filter was placed prior to KTx. Postoperatively, he experienced complications, including two aneurysm formations requiring stent placement; all were managed successfully, and his allograft kidney function remained stable. Conclusions KTx in patients with BD can be performed safely when BD activity is appropriately assessed and when adequate treatment is administered preoperatively and maintained throughout the post-KTx period.