Cytomegalovirus enteritis in a patient with AKI after type B aortic dissection surgery: A case report

Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enteritis is an uncommon clinical entity that frequently predisposes to severe complications, such as gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage and perforation, and is associated with substantial mortality. Case Presentation We herein present the management of a case of CMV enteritis in an immunocompetent patient. The patient had a prior history of abdominal aortic replacement and bypass surgery for a type B aortic dissection, following which he developed acute kidney injury (AKI) stage 3 according to KDIGO guidelines. Approximately five weeks after the operation, he presented with massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage and was subsequently diagnosed with CMV enteritis. Treatment included exploratory laparotomy and antiviral therapy with ganciclovir, culminating in a successful recovery. Conclusion This case highlights the potential occurrence of CMV enteritis in individuals conventionally regarded as immunocompetent. Computed tomography (CT) plays a pivotal role in the early diagnosis of small bowel bleeding. Moreover, prompt surgical intervention constitutes an effective therapeutic strategy for hemorrhage control in this clinical scenario.