Solid Waste Glitches: Geospatial Distribution of Open Waste Dumpsites in Nsukka Urban, Enugu State, Nigeria

Solid waste is inevitable, but the bone of contention is poor management, occasioned by swift population increase, urbanization, and development, multiplying waste volume in society. Therefore, the study explored the geospatial distribution of solid waste dumpsites in Nsukka Urban, Enugu state. Leveraging the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), this research investigates the socio-environmental dynamics and community engagement related to waste management practices. Using Global Positioning System (GPS) waypoints and QGIS (Quantum Geographic Information System) software, version 3.40.1, a total of 57 waste disposal sites were identified (33.3% authorized and 61.4% unauthorized sites), with a high concentration in the northeastern part. Interviews with local waste disposal workers and residents were conducted to identify, gather, and analyze data on waste disposal practices and concentration at the dumpsites. The spatial analysis explored using Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA) revealed a clustered pattern of open waste disposal sites (Rn = 0.47). There were clear signs of poor waste management, including littered waste and delays in waste evacuation. Factors influencing indiscriminate waste disposal include the distance of dumpsters, inadequate sanitation facilities, non-compliance with waste evacuation monthly payments, inconsistency in sanitation dues collection, and inadequate funding. The study recommends placing additional dumpsters in areas lacking them and using Geographic Information Systems in planning to enhance sustainable waste management practices.