Effectiveness of Square-stepping Exercises on Lower Extremity Functions Using 10 Item-lower Extremity Functional Scale In Young Elderly Individuals -An Pre-post Experimental Study

Background A fall is an unexpected event where a person lands on the ground or a lower surface. In older adults, the fear of falling often results in less physical activity, which can harm mobility and independence. Regular physical activity, particularly structured exercise, is advised for older people—even those with ongoing health conditions—to enhance physical abilities. This study aimed to determine how effective Square-Stepping Exercises are in improving lower limb function using the 10-item LEFS Scale. Methods A pre-post experimental study was carried out with 60 young elderly participants aged between 65 and 75 years both male and female chosen using convenient sampling. The Mini-Mental Status Examination and Falls Efficacy Scale were also given before the intervention to evaluate cognitive abilities and fall risk, ensuring the participants were suitable for the study. People who have undergone any lower limb surgery, abdominal & Thoracic surgery in preceding 1–2 years, Individuals who have CVRS, neurological or psychological disorder, Patients diagnosed with vertigo & Dizziness, People who were using assistive devices were excluded from the study. The 10-item LEFS was used to assess lower limb function both before and after the intervention. Results After completing 6 weeks of SSE training, participants experienced a notable improvement in lower limb function, as measured by the 10-item LEFS. The statistical analysis showed a p-value of 0.0048, indicating that SSE had a significant positive effect on functional performance in daily activities. Conclusion The study concludes that Square-Stepping Exercises are effective in improving lower limb function among the elderly, which plays a key role in preventing falls. Enhancing mobility through SSE can help lower the risk of falls and promote greater independence in older adults.