Eight-Year Experience in Robotic Oncologic Surgery in a Mexican Tertiary Center: A Retrospective Cohort of 194 Procedures (2017–2024)

Robotic surgery has become a key component of minimally invasive oncology, offering advantages in visualization, dexterity, and ergonomics. However, data from Latin America remain limited, particularly regarding long-term institutional performance in high-volume public centers. This study reports an eight-year experience of robotic oncologic procedures performed at a Mexican tertiary institution. A retrospective review was conducted of all robotic cancer surgeries carried out between 2017 and 2024. Outcomes included tumor distribution, perioperative complications, conversion to open surgery, blood loss, and length of hospital stay. A total of 194 procedures were performed, of which 65.9% (n = 128) were oncologic. Endometrial cancer was the most frequent indication (36.5%), followed by renal (11.1%), rectal (9.5%), cervical (9.5%), and ovarian cancer (6.3%). The postoperative complication rate at 3 months was 15.9%. Conversion to open surgery occurred in 8.7% of cases, most commonly in rectal cancer (45%), followed by endometrial cancer (18%). Median length of stay was 3 days (IQR 2–4), and mean intraoperative blood loss was 288.5 mL. Comparative analysis using Student’s t-test showed no significant differences in blood loss or hospital stay between endometrial, cervical, and ovarian cancers (p > 0.05). These findings demonstrate that robotic oncologic surgery in a public tertiary center in Mexico is feasible and associated with acceptable perioperative outcomes, low conversion rates, and short hospital stays. This study contributes regional evidence supporting the implementation and expansion of robotic platforms in oncologic care across Latin America.