Galactocele secondary to breast tuberculosis: A case report

Breast tuberculosis (BTB) is an uncommon manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, more frequently observed in countries with a high tuberculosis burden. Due to its nonspecific clinical and radiological presentation and the absence of standardized diagnostic criteria, BTB is often misdiagnosed as more common benign or malignant breast conditions. We describe an exceptionally rare case of a lactating woman presenting with a galactocele that was subsequently confirmed to be secondary to breast tuberculosis through histopathological and microbiological evaluation. Despite an extensive literature search, no similar cases combining galactocele with BTB were identified, highlighting the clinical rarity of this association. This case underscores the importance of considering tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of persistent breast lumps, particularly in young multiparous women from endemic regions. Early recognition and initiation of appropriate antitubercular therapy are essential to prevent complications and achieve favorable outcomes. Increased clinical awareness is crucial for timely diagnosis and optimal management of this rare presentation.