Study the torque behaviour of the engine when varying the air and fuel injection pressure parameters to improve fuel economy in a conventional spark-ignited engine

The research analyses the impact of variations in air and fuel pressure on the torque, fuel efficiency, and consumption of a standard spark-ignition engine, with the goal of improving energy utilization in real driving situations. Due to their minimal emissions and low operating costs, spark-ignition engines are frequently employed in the automotive fleet of Ecuador. A custom signal control card connected to the Electronic Control Unit was utilized to test a variable pressure regulator and a pickup truck equipped with an Multi Point Injection system, aiming to alter air intake parameters. Two metropolitan routes in Quito, Ecuador, located at a high altitude, underwent real-world dynamic testing while being driven. Automotive scanners were utilized under normal operating conditions to gather data. The research examined injection pressures of 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0 bar. The findings indicated that injecting fuel at a pressure of 5 bar improved engine performance and reduced fuel consumption—by as much as 87% during urban driving conditions. As these findings demonstrate an affordable and reproducible method to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce emissions in conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, they align perfectly with the objectives of sustainable transportation. The information indicates that in developing countries where it is challenging to replace vehicle fleets, implementing adaptive fuel-air control technologies may enhance energy efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of existing car fleets.