Avian dermatitis caused by Microlichus sp. in Pitangus sulphuratus

Purpose: To report a case of avian dermatitis caused by Microlichus sp. (Acari: Cheyletidae) in a wild Pitangus sulphuratus (Great Kiskadee) from southern Brazil, emphasizing the pathological findings and parasitological diagnosis. Methods: An adult P. sulphuratus was rescued and admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation center with signs of pruritus and feather loss. Clinical evaluation, skin scraping, and microscopic examination were performed. The mites were collected, clarified with lactophenol, and identified morphologically using taxonomic keys. Results: Numerous mites compatible with Microlichus sp. were observed in the skin scrapings, confirming the diagnosis of cheyletid mite infestation. Histopathological examination revealed hyperkeratosis, mild acanthosis, and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, heterophils, and macrophages. This represents the first documented occurrence of Microlichus sp. associated with dermatitis in P. sulphuratus in Brazil. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of parasitological and pathological investigation in wild birds as a tool for wildlife disease surveillance. The record broadens the known host range of Microlichus mites and contributes to understanding their potential health impacts on free-ranging avifauna.