Quick and facile preparation of ionic liquid functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for the efficient capture of triazole pesticides

Developing a sample preparation technique with quick and efficient extraction performance is of great significance in the reliable monitoring of triazole pesticides (TPs) in complex samples. In current study, an ionic liquid, 1,4-bis(3-vinylimidazolium-1-yl) butane bromide (BVBB) was employed as monomer to prepare ionic liquid functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (PFMN) by means of facile one-pot synthesis technique, and the PFMN prepared in the most favorable conditions was utilized as the extraction medium of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) for the efficient capture of TPs. According to Density functional theory, the rationality in the choice of BVBB as modifier was well verified. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties were inspected by various characterization techniques. Simultaneously, the adsorption behaviors and extraction mechanism of the established PFMN/MSPE towards TPs were studied in depth. After optimizing the key parameters affecting the capture performance, the TPs residuals in water and fruit juice samples were efficiently enriched by PFMN/MSPE prior to HPLC analysis. The achieved limit of detections (LODs) and spiked recoveries were in the ranges of 0.0068–0.015 µg/L and 80.4–119%, respectively. In addition, method accuracy and reliability were further evaluated by means of confirmatory experiments. In comparison with the existing approaches, the current technique presents some merits such as quick and facile fabrication of magnetic adsorbent, high sensitivity, greenness and whiteness of method. The obtained PFMN holds promising application prospects as a MSPE adsorbent for the highly efficient extraction and detection of TPs residuals in water, fruit juice and other complex samples.