Bioaerosol Sensing for Respiratory Viruses using a Smartphone-based Multichannel Magnetoelastic Immunosensor

Respiratory viruses, including influenza A H1N1, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-CoV-2, remain persistent and significant global public health threats due to their transmission via bioaerosols. Rapid detection of these pathogens in environmental air is crucial for early warning and infection control. Here, we present a portable multichannel magnetoelastic (ME) immunosensing platform integrated with an impact-type bioaerosol sampler for the simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2, H1N1, and RSV. Antibody-functionalized ME sensors capture airborne viral particles, producing resonance frequency shifts proportional to antigen concentration. The system demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity with linear detection in the 5—20 ng·mL ^-1 range. Measurements using the portable device closely matched results from a laboratory-grade vector network analyzer (VNA), confirming its reliability for on-site applications. The platform enables non-invasive sampling, near-real-time multi-pathogen monitoring, and smartphone-based data analysis, offering a scalable and cost-effective tool for environmental surveillance in high-risk public settings.