Polycrystalline Perovskite Wafers as an Efficient Multisensory Integration Platform for Neuromorphic Computing

Neuromorphic computing requires materials that integrate adaptive functionalities with scalable, cost-effective fabrication. Halide perovskites offer exceptional optoelectronic performance, but single-crystal growth is prohibitively costly and limits wafer-scale integration. Inspired by the transition from single- to polycrystalline silicon, we develop polycrystalline perovskite wafers (PPWs) via a mechanochemically coupled sintering strategy, achieving high-yield and low-cost fabrication with wafer-scale uniformity and engineered trap states. The resulting PPWs enable highly stable and linear electrical synaptic programming, as well as fully optical modulation of excitatory and inhibitory states through wavelength-selective excitation that leverages both bandgap and sub-bandgap absorption processes. These capabilities support associated retinal-inspired visual perception and auditory motion detection, achieving over 90% multimodal vehicle recognition accuracy when integrated into a spiking neural network. Beyond neuromorphic computing, PPWs provide a versatile and sustainable platform for photodetection, multispectral imaging, and X-ray sensing, combining scalability, robustness, and multifunctionality for next-generation optoelectronic technologies.