Enhanced microwave magnetic and dielectric properties of Ca-Sn-Zr co-substituted Bi-YIG ferrite materials

Yttrium iron garnet (Y ₃ Fe ₅ O ₁₂ , YIG) ferrite is a key microwave electronic material, renowned for its excellent dielectric and magnetic properties, which make it widely applicable in communication devices and systems. In this study, a series of YIG ferrite with the composition Y _2.0−2x BiCa _2x Fe _5−2x (SnZr) _x O ₁₂ (x = 0.00-0.50 in steps of 0.10) were synthesized via the solid-state reaction method. The effects of co-substitution with Ca ²⁺ , Sn ⁴⁺ and Zr ⁴⁺ ions on the phase formation, microstructure, magnetic properties and dielectric performance were systematically investigated. The results indicate that this multi-ion substitution significantly alters the grain size and morphology. Optimum magnetic properties were achieved with a maximum specific saturation magnetization (σ _s ) of 28.12 emu/g and low coercivity ( H _c ) of 54.46 Oe. Electromagnetic characterization at 10 MHz revealed maximum values of magnetic permeability (µ') and dielectric permittivity (ε') of approximately 22 (at x = 0.5) and 18.6 (at x = 0.3), respectively. Notably, the sample with x = 0.2 exhibited a minimum ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) linewidth (Δ H ) of 409.30 Oe alongside a high saturation magnetization (4πMs) of 1847.9 Gs. These findings suggest that the developed materials are promising candidates for use as substrates, potentially enabling the miniaturization and performance enhancement of high frequency microwave devices.