High-Efficiency Miniaturized CubeSat Antenna for Sub-6 GHz and Defense Applications
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This study introduces a compact, high-efficiency CubeSat antenna tailored for Sub-6 GHz and defense communication applications. Fabricated on an FR-4 substrate, the antenna occupies a volume of 14 × 16 × 1.5 mm³, corresponding to an electrical size of about 0.159λ₀ × 0.181λ₀ × 0.017λ₀ at 3.4 GHz. Experimental results confirm an operating band of 2–14 GHz, yielding a fractional bandwidth of nearly 121%. Within this broad frequency range, the antenna delivers a peak gain of 5.1 dB and achieves up to 89% radiation efficiency, ensuring low loss and reliable performance. The key innovation lies in realizing wideband coverage and high efficiency within such a miniaturized footprint, which is challenging for conventional designs. Thanks to its compact dimensions, broadband response, and consistent radiation properties, the antenna is well-suited for CubeSat missions, Sub-6 GHz wireless systems, radar, and defense-oriented communication platforms where size reduction and wideband operation are vital.
