Correlation analysis of SIRI, PIV, and LMR on all-cause mortality in patients with TBI and shock: A retrospective study based on the MIMIC database

TBI and shock are common conditions in emergency departments, with the combination of both accounting for approximately 15%-30% of severe trauma cases. This study, based on the MIMIC-IV database, included 1144 TBI and 3102 shock patients, analyzing the clinical significance of SIRI, LMR, and PIV in these patients. The findings revealed a strong association between these biomarkers and baseline clinical characteristics as well as long-term survival outcomes, with a notable nonlinear relationship. Among these, LMR, an easily accessible immuno-inflammatory marker, demonstrated the highest prognostic predictive value for both patient groups and serves as a practical tool for assessing immune imbalance and prognostic risk in TBI and shock patients. These results lay a critical foundation for monitoring and stratifying inflammatory status in critically ill patients. However, the clinical translational value of these biomarkers warrants further validation through prospective studies and mechanistic investigations.