Combined detection in type identification and curative effect evaluation of neonatal infectious pneumonia

Objective : To explore the significance of combined detection of serum hemoglobin (Hb), lactic acid (LAC) and immunoglobulin in the differential diagnosis and curative evaluation of neonatal infectious pneumonia (NIP). Methods : From January 2022 to December 2022, 80 hospitalized children with neonatal infectious pneumonia were selected as the experimental group, which were divided into bacterial pneumonia and non-bacterial pneumonia groups according to the results of the etiological analysis. Meanwhile, 40 healthy children from child health clinics were selected as the control group according at a ratio of 2:1 based on age and sex. The children in the experimental group received appropriate antibiotic treatment, fasting venous blood was collected before and after treatment, and serum Hb, LAC and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) levels were measured. The serum Hb, LAC and immunoglobulin levels were compared between the experimental and control groups. To compare serum Hb, LAC and immunoglobulin levels between the experimental and non-bacterial pneumonia groups. To compare serum Hb, Lactoferrin and Immunoglobulin levels before and after treatment in the experimental group. To plot the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and analyze the diagnostic efficacy of the serum Hb, lactoferrin and immunoglobulin in differentiating the type of neonatal infectious pneumonia and evaluating the efficacy of treatment. Results : Compared to the control group, newborns in the experimental group had lower levels of serum Hb and higher levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA and IgM (P<0.05). Compared to the non-bacterial pneumonia group, the bacterial pneumonia group had lower levels of serum Hb, LAC and higher levels of IgM (P<0.05), and the differences between the IgA and IgG groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Serum Hb levels were higher and LAC, IgG, IgA and IgM levels were lower (P<0.05) in the NIP effective group than in the NIP ineffective group. The AUCs of serum Hb, LAC and IgM for the differential diagnosis of NIP infection types were 0.647, 0.732 and 0.698 respectively, and the AUC for the combined diagnosis of the three was 0.818, which was higher than that of a single factor (P<0.05). The AUCs of serum Hb, LAC, IgG, IgA and IgM for single diagnosis of NIP were 0.696, 0.676, 0.751, 0.603, 0.825, and the AUC of the combined diagnosis was 0.912, which was higher than that of a single diagnosis (P<0.05). Conclusion : Serum Hb, LAC and immunoglobulin levels of IgG, IgA and IgM can be used to assess the efficacy of NIP, Hb, LAC and IgM can also be used to identify the type of NIP infection, and the combined diagnosis has the highest clinical value.