Comparison of the Effects of Artificial Intelligence and Human-Generated Images on Dental Anxiety

Background This study investigated the effect of visual artworks on dental anxiety and compared the effects of human-made versus artificial intelligence (AI)-generated artworks during the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Material and methods The study included 75 patients, who had a clinical indication for the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Patients were randomly divided into five groups: Group 1 and Group 3 experienced human-made artworks, while Group 2 and Group 4 experienced similar artworks created using AI. Group 5 was the control group and received no visual stimuli. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Scale, and a visual analog scale. Vital signs were measured before, during, and after surgery. Results A significant decrease in postoperative anxiety was observed in all groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in anxiety levels between the AI and human-made artifacts. A significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was found between preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative measurements in Group 1 and Group 5. Conclusion This study reaffirms that visual stimuli, regardless of their source, can be a beneficial component for managing dental anxiety. Although no significant difference was found between the effects of human-made and AI-generated artworks on anxiety, a significant decrease in postoperative anxiety was observed across all groups. These findings may shed light on the development of alternative anxiety management strategies. Further research should explore the combined effect of visual and auditory stimuli to enhance their efficacy in mitigating dental anxiety.