Genie in the Bottle? A Qualitative Study of General Practitioners’ Perspectives and Information Needs Concerning Digital Mental Health Applications in Germany

Background The increasing prevalence of mental illnesses underscores the need for innovative solutions in outpatient care, such as prescription digital therapeutics (DTx) in terms of regulated software-based medical products for treatment and disease management. In Germany, approved DTx are called DiGAs (referring to “Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen”) and can be prescribed since 2020 at the expense of statutory health insurance. However, DiGAs remain underutilized in general practice. Prior research indicated informational and attitudinal barriers among healthcare providers, yet little is known about tailored acceptance-facilitating strategies. This study explores general practitioners’ (GPs) perspectives on DiGAs for mental health, focusing on their needs regarding information strategies for routine use in primary care. Methods A qualitative descriptive exploratory using semi-structured interviews with GPs was conducted in fall 2024. Participants were recruited via GP networks, fax, and social media using a purposive sampling approach. Data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis with deductive-inductive category development. Results Thirteen GPs between 27 and 66 years (median: 54 years, female: n  = 3; 23%) were interviewed. Twelve participants (92%) had prescribed DiGAs at least once, primarily for conditions such as depression, insomnia or obesity. Analysis revealed varying levels of perceived level of knowledge and differing attitudes toward digitalization. DiGA prescriptions were initiated both by GPs and by patients. Independent information sources, particularly from governmental and regulatory institutions, professional associations, and colleagues were mentioned. GPs reported a need for further information content on the evidence base, therapeutic indications, usability, and costs of DiGAs. In terms of delivery modes, online formats, in-person events, and traditional print media were named. Conclusions Although nearly all participating GPs had already prescribed DiGAs, the results reveal considerable uncertainties regarding central structural aspects such as the prescription process and budgetary impact. GPs expressed a need for concise information from central, independent institutions and highlighted the value of familiar and reliable formats such as print-media and lecturers. Information strategies should take limited time resources in primary care into account and be oriented toward established routines. Strengthening institutional support and integrating digital health topics into medical training may enhance the adoption of DiGAs in primary care.