Research on Low-carbon Logistics Efficiency and Spatial Correlation of Key Provinces along the Belt and Road Based on the Super-efficiency SBM Model

This article takes the low-carbon logistics industry in 17 provinces along the Belt and Road from 2015 to 2022 as the research object. Utilizing a super-efficiency SBM evaluation model that accounts for undesirable outputs, and after constructing an evaluation index system, a static analysis of the logistics efficiency in the key provinces is conducted. Dynamically, the Malmquist index model is employed to analyze the logistics efficiency in these provinces from the perspectives of overall productivity in logistics, shifts in technical efficiency and advancements in technological progress. Through spatial autocorrelation analysis, the spatial effects of logistics in major provinces are analyzed to obtain the trend of spatial dependence and agglomeration. The results suggest that the logistics efficiency in the major provinces is markedly altered by external environmental determinants, the size of the logistics still requires further enhancement and improvement, there is insufficient development and utilization of logistics technology, and invested resources are not effectively utilized. Finally, based on the evaluation results, strategies are proposed for how these key provinces can improve their logistics efficiency.