Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Reproductive Age Women towards Cervical Cancer Prevention in Selected Tertiary Institutions in Osun State, Nigeria

Background Cervical cancer remains a prevalent issue among reproductive-age women, with limited preventive practices observed in Nigeria. Cervical cancer is ranked as the second most common cancer among women aged 14 to 49 globally, including Nigeria. Developed countries have successfully reduced cervical cancer rates through effective screening and vaccination programs, which are underdeveloped and inefficient in Nigeria and many other developing nations. Objectives This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of reproductive age women regarding cervical cancer prevention within selected tertiary institutions in Osun State, Nigeria. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving 396 participants recruited through a multistage sampling. among reproductive age women in Osun State's selected tertiary institutions. Data was collected using a self-administered, questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 21. Results The average age of respondents was 25.305 ± 8.195. 79.0% were Christians, and 21.0% were Muslims. While 52% had adequate knowledge, attitudes were generally negative, and only 23% engaged in preventive behaviours like HPV vaccination or screening. Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice, suggesting that awareness alone does not influence behaviour. Conclusion These findings highlight a need for targeted interventions that address cultural and organizational barriers to improve prevention uptake. Public health policies prioritizing HPV awareness and increased access to preventive services are recommended to reduce cervical cancer risks in this demographic.