Giant dipoles and superfluorescence in perovskite superlattices for optical transistors under ambient conditions

The giant dipole is a collective state of coherent dipole coupling that contributes to our understanding of macroscopic quantum transitions and offers significant potential for quantum computing. Traditionally, the creation of giant dipoles has required extreme conditions, and their detailed behavior remains underexplored. Here, we report the first giant dipole formed under ambient conditions and investigate its ultrafast formation dynamics and energy transfer mechanisms for the first time. We used an epitaxial two-dimensional halide perovskite superlattice, which confines photo-excited carriers to enhance the formation of giant dipoles. We captured superfluorescence bursts from the giant dipole, exhibiting distinct Rabi oscillations. Additionally, we found that the superfluorescence is dependent on photo-excitation polarization, which inspired the design of an innovative optical transistor. These findings advance our understanding of giant dipoles and their role in quantum systems, offering new insights that will facilitate the development of high-precision quantum logic gates and novel optical devices.